Elizabeth Bishop And Her Poem filling Station Essay example -- essay

Elizabeth Bishop and Her Poem "Filling Station"Elizabeth Bishops skill as a poet can be clearly seen in the thought-provoking poem entitled Filling Station. She paints the different lecturelevels of poetry with the skill of an artist-- she seems to have an eye for circumstance as she contrasts the dark and dim reference of a cream station to amore homey, pleasant atmosphere. Bishop aptly arranges her words andexpressions through the language devices of vocalisation and metaphor.     In Filling Station, Bishop uses t oneness of voice brilliantly, through theuse of phonetics, to create the poems initial atmosphere. The opening seems tobe offering a straightforward description of the filling station "Oh, but itis dirty/ -this little filling station,/ petroleum-soaked, oil-permeated/ to adisturbing, over-all/ black translucency". A closer inspection of the exculpateagereveals quite a opthalmic oil-soaked picture. This is created in large part by theoily sounds themselves. When spoken out-loud the diphthong oi in oil createsa diffusion of sound around the mouth that physically spreads the oil soundaround the passage. An interesting seepage can also be clearly seen whenlooking specifically at the words "oil-soaked", "oil-permeated" and " cover-impregnated". These words connect the oi in oily with the word following itand heighten the spreading of the sound. Moreover, when studying the oiatmosphere throughout the poem the oi in doyley and embroidered seems toparticularly stand out. The oozing of the grease in the filling station movesto each new stanza with the mention of these words In the fourth stanza, "bigdim doily", to the second last stanza, "why, oh why, the doily? /Embroidered"to the last stanza, "somebody embroidered the doily".     Whereas the oi sound created an oily sound of language throughout thepoem, the repetitive ow sound achieves a very diff erent syntactical feature.The cans which "gently say /ESSO--SO--SO--SO" create a wind-like blowingeffect from the mouth. Each SO allows for a sort of visual metaphor to beseen-- cars or the personified " bumpy automobiles" as they pass on by.Not only are oi and ow sounds effectively used in this poem to create aunique tone but so is th... ...can be that small part in us that stillsearches for hope and normalcy. We each need a "comfy" filling station. Andalthough judgmental onlookers, or as Bishop writes the "high-strung automobiles",may only want to see the dirtiness of an individual character, a family orsituation, they need to realize that if they look deep enough, light will shiningthrough. "Somebody loves us all" if we are only to give the thought and time.Afterall, even an automobile needs oil every once in a while to continue downits path.     In conclusion, it can be clearly seen that Elizabeth Bishop in the poemFi lling Station has wonderfully played with different levels of language likevoice and metaphor. The reader becomes actively involved in questioning theirown filling station and the care they give toward it. Is he or she the station,one who drives by the station or one who gives to the station?BibliographyBishop, Elizabeth. "Filling Station." An Introduction to Poetry. Eds. DanaGioia and      X.J. Kennedy. Eighth Edition. New York HarperCollins CollegePublishers,      1994.

What is Business Studies? Essay -- Business

What is Business Studies?Business studies is the study of how businesses are set up, financed, set up and controlled, how people are employed, managed and paid, howgoods are developed, produced and sold, how goods and operate arepriced and how the local, national and international government help orhinder businesses.In studying the setting up of a business there are many aspects thatneed to be considered. Such as the type of business ownerships whichare suitable for the entrepreneur, where the capital lead be comingfrom, what goods or serve could be considered to sell and where thebusiness should be located. The extensive amount of research, which iscarried out before the business operates, is also studied. at that place are many sources of finance consecrate to the entrepreneur, which alsoneed to be studied in depth. The business owner has to set the rightprice for its goods or services - a price which is of wash room to theconsumer and which is affordable for the owner. This i s possible byusing break-even analysis, and again market research. Owners ... What is Business Studies? Essay -- BusinessWhat is Business Studies?Business studies is the study of how businesses are set up, financed,organised and controlled, how people are employed, managed and paid, howgoods are developed, produced and sold, how goods and services arepriced and how the local, national and international government help orhinder businesses.In studying the setting up of a business there are many aspects thatneed to be considered. Such as the type of business ownerships whichare suitable for the entrepreneur, where the capital will be comingfrom, what goods or services could be considered to sell and where thebusiness should be located. The extensive amount of research, which iscarried out before the business operates, is also studied.There are many sources of finance open to the entrepreneur, which alsoneed to be studied in depth. The business owner has to set the right price for its goods or services - a price which is of convenience to theconsumer and which is affordable for the owner. This is possible byusing break-even analysis, and again market research. Owners ...

Blindness and Invisibility in Invisible Man Essay -- Ralph Ellison, In

As the story of the Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison continues, the ratifier is able to explicitly see his journey in college. Invisibility as well as blindness is evident in these stories. Through the use of simile and vivid details the author once again conveys his message of how invisibility is a major part in his life. Though the stories may seem erupt of place at first transitioning to the present and past, the style draws how the narrator has learned from his experiences. When the narrator mentions the founder of his school, Mr. Norton, a wealthy and intelligent man, the author praises him as if he were a god. He explains how Mr. Nortons opening the school affected the entire Negro race in a positive way. Giving them opportunities to better themselves and show they are just as capable as any other. When the author drives Mr. Norton they pass several log cabins, one of which belongs to Jim Trueblood. Jim Trueblood has a bad reputation for committing what many see as a crime. H e raped his daughter and enjoyed it. Jim Trueblood is blind in a sense that he doesnt realize wh...

Comparing Internet Privacy in the European Union and the United States :: Internet Private Censorship Essays

Comparing Internet Privacy in the European Union and the United StatesIntroduction close to people regard ones right to privacy as a fundamental right. But how do we define privacy? According to Basse, there be trey aspects to privacy freedom from intrusion, control of information about ones self, and freedom from surveillance.1 Certainly, we cannot expect complete privacy in all of these aspects at all times. However, technological advances are making it increasingly difficult for individuals to determine when they can and cannot expect privacy, and what degree of privacy they can expect.For example, at one time a personal intercourse taking place far from prying ears would have afforded the participants a very high expectation of privacy. This was no longer the case once directional microphones were developed. Similarly, satellites in orbit high overhead can take pictures of places that had previously been considered private (and do so with astounding resolution). GPS-compatible cellular phones can be used to pick up the location of the person carrying them.Computers are another technological advancement that has threatened the privacy of an individuals personal information. In 1977, it was announced that computer twinned, which takes previously unrelated files, would be used to reduce welfare abuse.2 Computer matching is now commonplace both within the government and in the private sector. While this geek of matching would have been possible without the use of computers (by hand matching hard-copy file, for example), computers have made it practical, relatively easy and inexpensive. With the Internet, organizations can transfer data from one point in the world to another easily and almost instantly, further facilitating the practice of computer matching. In addition, with the rise in popularity of the World Wide Web, the Internet has become not only an information exchange medium, but also an information collection medium.Consider browsing the World Wi de Web. Simply by visiting a mesh page, one has already told the owner of that web site quite a bit of information about ones self. Web browsers routinely send web servers information as part of the hypertext transport protocol (http) request. This information can include things such as the date and time of the visit, the web browsers IP address, the type of web browser and operating system, and the URL of the web page previously visited. In addition, web servers can send cookies, small files containing identifying information, back to the web browser. In this way, a web server can now uniquely identify repeat visitors to a web site.

Analysis Of Multidisciplinary Counter Intelligence Essay -- essays res

The United States today is becoming more and more dependant upon technological developments to gather intelligence. The secret agents of yesterday are very close to existence obsolete. With technology becoming the prime source of intelligence gathering, there is an assumption that other countries are gathering intelligence in similar focuss. The only way to combat intelligence gathering against the United States is to bonk what technological intelligence collection resources are being used for gathering information.This is the job of Multidisciplinary Counterintelligence (MDCI). How does the government know that lines are secure from signals intelligence of foreign adversaries? One of the main tasks of MDCI is the communication line of the American Government. Radio waves can easily be detected with the in good order equipment anywhere within the area, and even microwaves can be detected with a receiver in the right place. MDCI combats these paradoxs with encryption for message s and secure lines for voice communication.The encryption offset is found on the governments SIPRnet web, which is used for the transfer of classified information only. For voice communications, the government uses secured lines that will scramble communications into meaningless sounds or scratches. The only problem with these types of devices is that they cannot be located just anywhere and can be very expensive to maintain furthermore, facilities must be able to support these classified mediums.With each(prenominal) o...

Analysis Of Multidisciplinary Counter Intelligence Essay -- essays res

The United States today is becoming more and more drug-addicted upon technological developments to gather intelligence service. The secret agents of yesterday are really close to being obsolete. With technology becoming the prime source of intelligence gathering, there is an premise that other countries are gathering intelligence in similar ways. The only way to combat intelligence gathering against the United States is to know what technological intelligence collection resources are being used for gathering information.This is the job of Multidisciplinary Counterintelligence (MDCI). How does the government know that lines are secure from signals intelligence of foreign adversaries? One of the main tasks of MDCI is the intercourse line of the American Government. Radio waves can easily be detected with the right equipment anywhere within the area, and even microwaves can be detected with a receiver in the right place. MDCI combats these problems with encryption for messages and secure lines for vocalize communication.The encryption process is found on the governments SIPRnet web, which is used for the transfer of classified information only. For voice communications, the government uses secured lines that will scramble communications into meaningless sounds or scratches. The only problem with these types of devices is that they cannot be located just anywhere and can be very expensive to maintain furthermore, facilities must be able to support these classified mediums.With all o...

Apa Style Guide

APA Publication Manual Crib Sheet This document is a summary of rules from the APA Publication Manual 5th Edition. For Further Information call down APA Writing Style at http//www. apastyle. org June 2008 APA STYLE GUIDE 5th Edition APA requires a hanging indent for its extensions. Also, PLEASE BE SURE TO DOUBLE plaza CITATIONS. For space saving reasons, the citations below atomic occur 18 single spaced. APA requires double spacing of citations. Citation Rules A. haves Typical book entry single rootage Arnheim, R. (1971). Art and optical perception. Berkeley University of California Press.Publishing study Spell discover the publishing name of associations and university presses, but omit superfluous terms such as Publishers, Co. , or Inc. If two or much locations be given, give the location listed set-backly or the publishers home office. When the publisher is a university and the name of the state (or province) is acknowledged in the university name, do non repeat the name of the state/province in the publisher location. When the beginning and publisher be identical, implement the word Author as the name of the publisher. American Psychiatric knowledge. (1994).Diagnostic and statistical manual of genial disorders (4th ed. ). Washington, D. C. Author Multiple authors When a work has up to (and including) six authors, acknowledgment all authors. When a work has more(prenominal) than six authors cite the first six followed by et al. Festinger, L. , Riecken, H. , Schachter, S. (1956). When prophecy fails. Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press. Roeder, K. , Howdeshell, J. , Fulton, L. , Loch fountainhead, M. , Craig, K. , Peterson, R. , et. al. (1967). Nerve cells and insect behavior. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. Corporate authorship Institute of Financial Education. 1982). Managing individualized funds. ChicagoMidwestern. noauthor identified Experimental psychology. (1938). New York Holt. Citing items in an anthology/ch apter in edited book Rubenstein, J. P. (1967). The effect of television violence on scummy children. In B. F. Kane (Ed. ), Television and juvenile psychological development (pp. 112-134). New York American psychological Society. Reprinted or republished chapter Freud, S. (1961). The ego and the id. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans. ), The standard edition of the nab psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19, pp. 3-66). London Hogarth Press. Original work published 1923) Following the entry, enclose Original work published in p arntheses, noting the original visualise. Chapter in a glitz in a series Maccoby, E. E. , Martin, J. (1983). Socialization in the con text edition edition edition of the family Parent-child interaction. In P. H. Mussen (Series Ed. ) E. M. Hetherington (Vol. Ed. ), handbook of child psychology Vol. 4. Socialization, individualality, and social development (4th ed. , pp. 1-101). New York Wiley. Citing multivolume works Wilson, J. G. , Fraser, F. C. ( Eds. ). (1977-1978). Handbook of teratology (Vols. 1-4). New York Plenum Press.In listing a multivolume work, the takings dates should be inclusive for all volumes. The volumes should be identified, in parentheses, right away spare-time activity the book title. Do not utilization a period between the title and the parenthetical information close the entire title, including the volume information, with a period. Edited collections Higgins, J. (Ed. ). (1988). psychology. New York Norton. or Grice, H. P. , Gregory, R. L. (Eds. ). (1968). Early voice communication development. New York McGraw-Hill. Citing specific editions of a book Brockett, O. (1987). History of the theatre (5th ed. ). Boston Allyn and Bacon.Immediately later the books title, note the edition information in parentheses (for ensample, 5th ed. or rev. ed. ). Do not go for a period between the title and the parenthetical information. Translated works Freud, S. (1970) An show up livestock of psychoanalysis (J. Strachey, Trans. ). New York Norton. (Original work published 1940) The original publication date is the outlast portion of the entry and should be in parentheses with the note Original work published followed by the date. Proceedings Deci, E. L. , & Ryan, R. M. (1991). A motivational commence to self Integration in personality. In R. Dienstbier (Ed. , Nebraska Symposium on Motivation Vol. 38. Perspectives on motivation (pp. 237-288). Lincoln University of Nebraska Press. or Cynx, J. , Williams, H. , & Nottebohm, F. (1992). Hemispheric diffences in avian verse discrimation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 89, 1372-1375. B. Journals Citing members in journals with continuous pagination Passons, W. (1967). Predictive validities of the ACT, SAT, and high school grades for first semester GPA and freshman courses. educational and Psychological Measurement, 27, 1143-1144. Citing articles in journals with non-continuous paginationSawyer, J. (1966). Measurement an d prediction, clinical and statistical. Psychological Bulletin, 66 (3), 178-200. Because pagination begins anew with distributively issue of this journal, it is necessary to include the issue account in parentheses after the volume number. Note that there is a comma between the issue number and the rascal amount, but no comma between the italized volume number and the issue number. If the periodical does not use volume numbers, include pp. before the rascal numbers so the reader will understand that the numbers summon to pagination. Use p. if the radical is a foliate r less long. Citing articles in monthly periodicals Chandler-Crisp, S. (1988, May) Aerobic physical composition a writing practice model. Writing research lab Newsletter, pp. 9-11. Citing articles in weekly periodicals Kauffmann, S. (1993, October 18). On films class consciousness. The New Republic, p. 30. News writing articles Monson, M. (1993, September 16). Urbana firm obstacle to office project. The Cha mpaign-Urbana News-Gazette, pp. A1,A8. No author identified Clinton puts human face on health-care plan. (1993, September 16). The New York Times, p. B1. Reprinted or republished articles Clark, G. & Zimmerman, E. (1988). Professional roles and activities as models for art education. In S. Dobbs (Ed. ), Research readings for discipline- found art education. Reston, VA NAEA. (Reprinted from Studies in Art Education, 19 (1986), 34-39. ) Following the entry, enclose Reprinted from in parentheses, noting the original publication information. Close with a period. ERIC Documents (Report available from the Educational Re seeds Information Center) Mead, J. V. (1992). Looking at old photographs Investigating the teacher tales that novice teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4).East Lansing, MI National Center for Research on Teacher Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED346082) C. Dissertations Dissertation obtained from Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) Bo wer, D. L. (1993). Employee assistant programs supervisory referrals Characteristics of referring and non-referring supervisors. Dissertation Abstracts International, 54 (01), 534B. (UMI No. 9315947) Dissertation obtained from the university Ross, D. F. (1990). Unconscious transference and mistaken identity When a witness misidentifies a familiar but innocent person from a lineup (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University, 1990).Dissertation Abstracts International, 51, 417. Give the university and year of the dissertation as well as the volume and page numbers from the Dissertation Abstract International. D. Other Media Citing interviews Archer, N. (1993). Interview with Helen Burns, author of Sense and Perception. Journal of Sensory Studies, 21, 211-216. In this interpreter, the interview lacks a title, so a description of the interview is given in brackets. If the interview has a title, include the title (without reference marks) after the year, and then give a further descript ion in brackets if necessary.Unpublished interviews do not need a reference page entry because they are what the Publication Manual of the APA calls personal communications and so do not provide recoverable information. Here, the entry consists of the first initial and last name of the interviewee, the type of communication, and the date of the interview. (N. Archer, personal interview, October 11, 1993) Citing films or tapes Motion picture replaces Film and Videotape as a bracketed descriptor. Weir, P. B. (Producer), & Harrison, B. F. (Director). (1992). Levels of consciousness Motion picture. Boston, MA Filmways.Here, the main people responsible for the videotape are given, with their roles identified in parentheses after their name. After the title, the medium is identified (here, a motion picture). The distributors name and location comprises the last part of the entry. Citing recordings Writer, A. (Date of copyright). entitle of song Recorded by artist if different from wri ter. On Title of album Medium of recording CD, record, cassette, etc. . Location Label. (Recording date if different than copyright) McFerrin, Bobby (Vocalist). (1990). Medicine music Cassette Recording. Hollywood, CA EMI-USA.E. electronic Information The type of medium can be, but is not limited to the chase aggregated databases, online journals, Web sites or Web pages, newsgoups, Web- or e-mail based discussion groups or Web or e-mail based newsletters. pagination in electronic references is unavailable in some cases, thus left out of the citation. The APA Manual has a short sectionalisation demonstrating the format for electronic references on pp. 268-281. For other examples, visit http//www. apastyle. org/elecref. html Citing computer software Arend, Dominic N. (1993). Choices (Version 4. 0) Computer software.Champaign, IL U. S. Army corps of Engineers Research Laboratory. (CERL Report No. CH7-22510) If an individual(s) has proprietary rights to the software, their name(s) a re listed at the head of the entry, last names first, followed by a period. Otherwise, treat such references as unauthored. Do not italize the title. Specify in brackets that the address is computer software, program or language. List the location and the organizations name that produced the program. Add any other necessary information for finding the program (in this example, the cut across number) in parentheses at the entrys conclusion.To reference a manual, follow the aforesaid(prenominal) as above but add manual as the source in the bracketed information. Do not add a period at the end of a citation if it ends in a web address. Full-Text Database (i. e. , book, magazine, newspaper article or report) The second date which follows is the date the user retrieved the material. No period follows an earnings Web address. Schneiderman, R. A. (1997). Librarians can make sense of the Net. San Antonio Business Journal, 11, 58+. Retrieved January 27, 1999, from EBSCO Masterfile datab ase. oblige in an Internet-only journal Kawasaki, J. L. , Raven, M. R. 1995). Computer-administered surveys in extension. Journal of Extension, 33, 252-255. Retrieved June 2, 1999, from http//joe. org/joe/index. html Article in an Internet-only newsletter Waufton, K. K. (1999, April). Dealing with anthrax. Telehealth News, 3(2). Retrieved December 16, 2000, from http//www. telehearlth. net/subscribe/newslettr_5b. html1 Internet technical or research reports University of California, San Francisco, Institute for Health and Aging. (1996, November). Chronic care in America A 21st century challenge. Retrieved September 9, 2000, from the Robert Wood root word Web site http//www. wjf. org/library/chrcare Document created by private organization, no page numbers, no date Greater Hattiesburg Civic Awareness Group, Task soldiery on Sheltered Programs. (n. d. ). Fund- pinnacle efforts. Retrieved November 10, 2001, from http//www. hattiesburgcag. org Sometimes authors are not identified, a nd there is no date showing for the document. Date website was accessed should be used and efforts should be made to identify the sponsoring author/organization of the website. If none is found, do not list an author. Document from university program or department McNeese, M. N. (2001).Using technology in educational settings. Retrieved October 13, 2001, from University of Southern Mississippi, Educational Leadership and Research Web site http//www-dept. usm. edu/eda/ E-Mail, newsgroups, online forums, discussion groups and electronic mailing lists Personal communications, which are not archived, should not included in reference lists and cited deep down the text only Smith, Fred (personal communication, January 21, 1999) Citations Within Text Use of Authors Names In APA style, only the authors last name is used in the document as a whole and within in-text citations in particular.If the authors name is mentioned in the text Most often, an authors last name appears in the text with the date of publication immediately pursual in parentheses Bolles (2000) provides a practical, detailed prelude to phone line hunting. If the authors name is not mentioned in the text When the authors name does not appear in the text itself, it appears in the parenthetical citation followed by a comma and the date of publication Interactive fiction permits readers to move freely through a text and to participate in its authorship (Bolter, 2001).Note If you cite the same source a second time within a paragraph, the year of publication may be omitted. If there are two authors When a work has two authors, always cite both names every time the source is cited in the text Katzenbach and Smith (1993) define a team as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, surgical process goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable (p. 45).If the authors names appear in the text itself, connect the names with the word and however, if the authors names appear parenthetically, connect the names with an ampersand () A team is defined as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable (Katzenbach Smith, 1993, p. 45). If there are three, four, or five authorsWhen you cite for the first time a work with three, four, or five authors, cite all authors Cogdill, Fanderclai, Kilborn, and Williams (2001) argue that making backchannel overtly available for study would require making its presence and content visible and its content persist, affecting the nature of the backchannel and raising social and ethical issues (p. 109). (Again, if the authors names appear parenthetically rather than in the text itself, connect the final two names with a comma and an ampersand). In all subsequent citations, include only the name of the first author followed by et al. the abbreviation for the Latin ph rase meaning and others) Cogdill et al. (2001) assert that backchannel is multithreaded, substantial, and governed by many social conventions (p. 109). Again, if the authors names appear parenthetically rather than in the text itself, connect the final two names with a comma and an ampersand. If there are six or more authors If a work has six or more authors, cite the last name of the first author followed by et al. in all citations Adkins et al. (2001) studied the use of collaborative technology during a multinational, civil-military exercise. If two authors have the same last nameIf a document includes sources by two authors with the same last name, include the first and middle initial of each author in all text citations R. P. Allen (1994) and D. N. Allen (1998) have both studied the effects of netmail monitoring in the workplace. If two or more sources are cited When citing two or more sources by different authors within the same citation, place the authors names in parentheses in alphabetical order, followed by the year of publication and separated by a semicolon Hypertext significantly changes the process of information retrieval (Bolter 2001 Bush, 1945 Landow 1997).If no author is identified If no author is identified, use an abbreviated title instead, followed by the date. Use extension marks around article or chapter titles, and underline book, periodical, brochure, and report titles The use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems has grown substantially over the past five years as companies attempt to adapt to customer inescapably and to improve their profitability (Making CRM Work). Placement of Citations for Quoted MaterialSpecific page numbers for paraphrased or quoted material appear within the parenthetical citation following the abbreviation for page (p. ). The location of the parenthetical citation for a quote depends upon the placement of quoted material within the sentence * If the quotation appears in midsentence, insert the fin al quotation mark, followed by the parenthetical citation then complete the sentence. Branscomb (1998) argues that its a good idea to lurk (i. e. read all the messages without contributing anything) for a few weeks, to see to it that you dont break any of the rules of netiquette (p. 7) when you join a listserv. * If the quotation appears at the end of the sentence, insert the final quotation mark, followed by the parenthetical citation and the end punctuation Branscomb (1998) argues that when you join a listserv, its a good idea to lurk (i. e. , read all the messages without contributing anything) for a few weeks, to ensure that you dont break any of the rules of netiquette (p. 7). If the quotation is long (40 lyric or more), it should be formatted as a block quotation, and the parentheses should appear after the final punctuation mark Bolles (2000) argues that the most effective job hunting method is what he calls the creative job hunting approach figuring out your best skills, and favorite knowledges, and then researching any employer that interests you, before approach path that organization and arranging, through your contacts, to see the person there who has the power to hire you for the position you are interested in.This method, faith plenteousy followed, leads to a job for 86 out of every 100 job-hunters who try it. (57) Citing Electronic Sources See http//www. apastyle. org for additional information * Sample reference Page (Next Page) The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed. , 2001) provides a comprehensive reference guide to writing using APA style, organization, and content. To order a copy of the Publication Manual online, go to http//www. apa. org/books/4200060. html. To view PDF documents referenced on this APA Style Essentials page, you need Adobe Acrobat Reader.To download the free Acrobat Reader, go to http//www. adobe. com/products/acrobat/readstep2. html. The purpose of this document is to provide a common core of elements of APA style that all members of an faculty member department can adopt as minimal standards for any assignment that specifies APA style. This Web document is itself not a model of APA style. For an example of a complete article formatted according to APA style, go to http//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedfiles/faculty/ddegelman/prayer. pdf. For an example of an undergraduate research proposal, go to http//www. anguard. edu/uploadedfiles/faculty/ddegelman/psychproposal. pdf. To download a Microsoft Word template of an APA-style paper, go to http//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/ energy/DDegelman/psychapa. doc I. General Document Guidelines A. Margins One inch on all sides (top, bottom, left, right) B. Font Size and Type 12-pt. font (Times Roman or Courier are acceptable typefaces) C. Line Spacing Double-space throughout the paper, including the title page, abstract, body of the document, references, appendixes, footnotes, tables, and figure captions. D.Spacing after Punctuation Space once after all punctuation. This includes using one space (not two ) following punctuation marks at the ends of sentences. E. Alignment Flush left (creating uneven right margin) F. Paragraph Indentation 5-7 spaces G. Pagination The page number appears one inch from the right edge of the paper on the first line of every page (except Figures), beginning with the title page H. Manuscript Page Header The first two or three words of the paper title appear five spaces to the left of the page number on every page (except Figures), beginning with the title page.Manuscript page headers are used to identify ms pages during the editorial process. Using most word processors, the manuscript page header and page number can be inserted into a header, which then automatically appears on all pages. I. Active voice As a general rule, use the active voice rather than the passive voice. For example, use We predicted that rather than It was predicted that J. Order of PagesTi tle Page, Abstract, Body, References, Appendixes, Footnotes, Tables, Figure Captions, Figures II. Title Page K. Pagination The Title Page is page 1.L. Key Elements Paper title, author(s), author affiliation(s), and running head. M. Paper Title Uppercase and small letters, center on the page. N. Author(s) Uppercase and lowercase letters, revolve about on the line following the title. O. Institutional affiliation Uppercase and lowercase letters, centered on the line following the author(s). P. Running head The running head is typed flush left (all uppercase) following the words Running head on the line below the manuscript page header. It should not exceed 50 characters, including punctuation and spacing.The running head is a short title that appears at the top of pages of published articles. Q. Example of APA-formatted Title Pagehttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/titlepage. pdf III. Abstract The abstract is a one-paragraph, self-contained summary of the most importa nt elements of the paper. R. Pagination The abstract begins on a new page (page 2). S. objective Abstract (centered on the first line below the manuscript page header) T. Format The abstract (in block format) begins on the line following the Abstract heading. The abstract should not exceed 120 words.All numbers in the abstract (except those beginning a sentence) should be typed as digits rather than words. U. Example of APA-formatted Abstracthttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/abstract. pdf IV. Body V. Pagination The body of the paper begins on a new page (page 3). Subsections of the body of the paper do not begin on new pages. W. Title The title of the paper (in uppercase and lowercase letters) is centered on the first line below the manuscript page header. X. Introduction The introduction (which is not labeled) begins on the line following the paper title.Y. Headings Headings are used to organize the document and reflect the relative importance of sections. For exam ple, many empirical research articles utilize Method, Results, Discussion, and References headings. In turn, the Method section often has subheadings of Participants, Apparatus, and Procedure. For an example of APA-formatted headings, go to http//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/headings. pdf 1. Main headings (when the paper has either one or two levels of headings) use centered uppercase and lowercase letters (e. g. , Method, Results, Discussion, nd References). 2. Subheadings (when the paper has two levels of headings) are italicized and use flush left, uppercase and lowercase letters (e. g. , Participants, Apparatus, and Procedure as subsections of the Method section). V. Text citations Source material must be documented in the body of the paper by citing the author(s) and date(s) of the sources. The underlying principle is that ideas and words of others must be formally acknowledged. The reader can obtain the full source citation from the list of references that follo ws the body of the paper.Z. When the names of the authors of a source are part of the formal structure of the sentence, the year of publication appears in parentheses following the identification of the authors. delve the following example Wirth and Mitchell (1994) found that although there was a reduction in insulin dosage over a period of two weeks in the treatment condition compared to the control condition, the difference was not statistically significant. Noteand is used when multiple authors are identified as part of the formal structure of the sentence.Compare this to the example in the following section. . When the authors of a source are not part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the authors and year of publication appear in parentheses. visualise the following example Reviews of research on religion and health have concluded that at least some types of religious behaviors are related to higher(prenominal)(prenominal) levels of physical and mental health (Gar tner, Larson, & Allen, 1991 Koenig, 1990 Levin & Vanderpool, 1991 Maton & Pargament, 1987 Paloma & Pendleton, 1991 Payne, Bergin, Bielema, & Jenkins, 1991). Note& is used when multiple authors are identified in parenthetical material. Note also that when several sources are cited parenthetically, they are ordered alphabetically by first authors surnames and separated by semicolons. . When a source that has two authors is cited, both authors are included every time the source is cited. . When a source that has three, four, or five authors is cited, all authors are included the first time the source is cited. When that source is cited again, the first authors surname and et al. are used. Consider the following example Reviews of research on religion and health have concluded that at least some types of religious behaviors are related to higher levels of physical and mental health (Payne, Bergin, Bielema, & Jenkins, 1991). Payne et al. (1991) showed that . When a source that has six or more authors is cited, the first authors surname and et al. are used every time the source is cited (including the first time). _. Every effort should be made to cite only sources that you have actually read.When it is necessary to cite a source that you have not read (Grayson in the following example) that is cited in a source that you have read (Murzynski & Degelman in the following example), use the following format for the text citation and list only the source you have read in the References list Grayson (as cited in Murzynski Degelman, 1996) identified four components of body language that were related to judgments of vulnerability. . To cite a personal communication (including letters, emails, and telephone interviews), include initials, surname, and as exact a date as possible.Because a personal communication is not recoverable information, it is not included in the References section. For the text citation, use the following format B. F. Skinner (personal communication , February 12, 1978) claimed a. To cite a Web document, use the author-date format. If no author is identified, use the first few words of the title in place of the author. If no date is provided, use n. d. in place of the date. Consider the following examples Degelman and Harris (2000) provide guidelines for the use of APA writing style.Changes in Americans views of gender status differences have been documented (Gender and Society, n. d. ). b. To cite the Bible, provide the book, chapter, and verse. The first time the Bible is cited in the text, identify the version used. Consider the following example You are forgiving and good, O Lord, abounding in love to all who call to you (Psalm 865, New International Version). Note No entry in the References list is needed for the Bible. VI. Quotations When a direct quotation is used, always include the author, year, and page number as part of the citation. c.A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be enclosed in double quotation marks and should be incorporated into the formal structure of the sentence. Example Patients receiving prayer had less congestive stub failure, required less diuretic and antibiotic therapy, had fewer episodes of pneumonia, had fewer cardiac arrests, and were less frequently intubated and ventilated (Byrd, 1988, p. 829). d. A lengthier quotation of 40 or more words should appear (without quotation marks) apart from the surrounding text, in block format, with each line indented five spaces from the left margin.VII. References All sources included in the References section must be cited in the body of the paper (and all sources cited in the paper must be included in the References section). e. Pagination The References section begins on a new page. f. Heading References (centered on the first line below the manuscript page header) g. Format The references (with hanging indent) begin on the line following the References heading. Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first aut hors. Most reference entries have three components 3.Authors Authors are listed in the same order as undertake in the source, using surnames and initials. Commas separate all authors. When there are seven or more authors, list the first six and then use et al. for remain authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference. 4. Year of Publication In parentheses following authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis. If no publication date is identified, use n. d. in parentheses following the authors. 5. Source Reference Includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, city of publication, publisher (for book).Italicize titles of books, titles of periodicals, and periodical volume numbers. h. Example of APA-formatted References Go to http//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/references. pdf i. positive APA Electronic Reference Formats document Go to http//www. apastyle. org/elecref. html j. Examples of sour ces 6. Journal article Murzynski, J. , & Degelman, D. (1996). Body language of women and judgments of vulnerability to sexual assault. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 1617-1626. 7. Book Paloutzian, R. F. (1996). Invitation to the psychology of religion (2nd ed. ). Boston Allyn and Bacon. 8.Web document on university program or department Web site Degelman, D. , & Harris, M. L. (2000). APA style essentials. Retrieved May 18, 2000, from Vanguard University, Department of Psychology Web site http//www. vanguard. edu/faculty/ddegelman/index. aspx? doc_id=796 9. Stand-alone Web document (no date) Nielsen, M. E. (n. d. ). Notable people in psychology of religion. Retrieved August 3, 2001, from http//www. psywww. com/psyrelig/psyrelpr. htm 10. Stand-alone Web document (no author, no date) Gender and society. (n. d. ). Retrieved December 3, 2001, from http//www. trinity. edu/mkearl/gender. html 11.Journal article from database Hien, D. , & Honeyman, T. (2000). A closer look at the drug abuse-maternal aggression link. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 15, 503-522. Retrieved May 20, 2000, from ProQuest database. 12. Abstract from substitute database Garrity, K. , & Degelman, D. (1990). Effect of server introduction on restaurant tipping. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 168-172. Abstract retrieved July 23, 2001, from PsycINFO database. 13. Journal article, Internet-only journal Bergen, D. (2002, Spring). The role of pretend play in childrens cognitive development. Early Childhood Research Practice, 4(1).Retrieved February 1, 2004, from http//ecrp. uiuc. edu/v4n1/bergen. html 14. Article or chapter in an edited book Shea, J. D. (1992). Religion and sexual adjustment. In J. F. Schumaker (Ed. ), Religion and mental health (pp. 70-84). New York Oxford University Press. 15. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. , text revision). Washi ngton, DC Author. VIII. Appendixes A common use of appendixes is to present unpublished tests or to describe complex equipment or stimulus materials. k.Pagination Each Appendix begins on a separate page. l. HeadingIf there is only one appendix, Appendix is centered on the first line below the manuscript page header. If there is more than one appendix, use Appendix A (or B or C, etc. ). Double-space and type the appendix title (centered in uppercase and lowercase letters). m. Format Indent the first line 5-7 spaces. n. Example of APA-formatted Appendixhttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/appendix. pdf IX. Footnotes Content footnotes are occasionally used to support substantive information in the text.. o. Pagination Footnotes begin on a separate page. . Heading Footnotes is centered on the first line below the manuscript page header. q. Format Indent the first line of each footnote 5-7 spaces and number the foonotes (slightly above the line) as they are identified in the text. r. Example of APA-formatted Footnoteshttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/footnote. pdf X. Tables A common use of tables is to present quantitative data or the results of statistical analyses (such as ANOVA). See the Publication Manual (2001, pp. 147-176) for detailed examples. Tables must be referred to in the text. s. Pagination Each Table begins on a separate page. . HeadingTable 1 (or 2 or 3, etc. ) is typed flush left on the first line below the manuscript page header. Double-space and type the table title flush left (italicized in uppercase and lowercase letters). u. Example of APA-formatted Tableshttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/psychology/table2. pdf XI. Figure Captions and Figures A common use of Figures is to present graphs, photographs, or other illustrations (other than tables). See the Publication Manual (2001, pp. 176-201) for detailed examples. Figure Captions provide, on a single page, captions for the figures that follow. v.Pagination The F igure Captions page is the final numbered page of the paper. The Figures that follow the Figure Captions page do NOT have page numbers or manuscript page headers. w. Heading for Figure Captions Figure Caption(s) is centered on the first line below the manuscript page header. Double-space and type Figure 1. (or 2 or 3, etc. ) italicized and flush left, followed by the caption for the figure (not italicized), capitalizing only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns. x. Example of APA-formatted Figure Caption and Figurehttp//www. vanguard. edu/uploadedFiles/Faculty/DDegelman/psychfigure. pdf

Radical Energy Technologies

A radical muscle technology is one that is not classed as business as public and takes a different approach, such as renewable resources, for instance using solar cell technology instead of traditional fossil fuels. It could be a wide range of different technologies, including nuclear, wind, and other fuels. A policy regarding energy or energy phthisis reduction could be a target to conquer consumption over the conterminous decades, such as seen in the Kyoto protocol. It could also be much local or domestic such as recycle targets.With the worlds primary energy needs set to grow by 55% by 2030, and electricity consumption to double over the next few decades, managing future need is a global challenge, and one of the most significant of our time. The International Energy Authority (IEA) estimates that $22 trillion of new investment funds will be needed by 2030. At the same time, there is the global challenge of climate change and the need to gear up cleaner sources of energy in order to improve the health of our environment.There are two main ways of achieving this measures such as emissions controls, carbon trading and green taxation to uphold a reduction in energy consumption and an increase in energy efficiency, this discernn as a carrot and stick approach. The alternative to this is to develop new and radical technologies that are sustainable and bring energy security. An example of a stick and carrot approach would be through green axes. In some countries taxation measures, known as green taxes, have been introduced with the aim of cutting the use of natural resources and encouraging waste recycling.In the UK these include new fomite excise duties (VED) that tax vehicles according to their level of carbon dioxide emissions. Owners of so called gas-guzzlers pay more, as do those with older, less fuel-efficient vehicles. Other ideas for taxes aimed at reducing energy consumption include removing stamp responsibility on the sale of carbon neutral home s, raising the duty on petrol and diesel, and raising air passenger duty on flights out of the UK.Greater use of renewable energy and advances in energy technology may be one answer to a more plug away energy future. However, all the new technologies that have emerged so far have their own advantages and disadvantages. Offshore wind turbines for instance costs at least 50% more than on land, but wind speeds at sea are generally double those on land, so offshore turbines can generate more electricity. The fact that offshore wind turbines cannot be seen nor heard from landcommunities, this being a massive advantage, as proposal to build inland wind farms have been strongly opposed by those who claim they are visually unappealing and far too noisy. Horns Rev, in the North Sea off Denmark is one of the worlds largest offshore wind farms. It opened in October 2002, covering an area of 20 km2, and costing in excess of ?220 million to build. It generates 160MW through its 80 turbines. A elevation factor in the selection of the site was the strength of the winds from all points of the compass.This will make the future of Denmarks energy much more secure because they know they are guaranteed this supply of energy. Geothermal energy is a new radical technology becoming popular in areas of the world geographically suitable to do so. In the Philippines, 25% of the electricity supply is generated from an underground supply of incite. This renewable geothermal heat is free, inexhaustible and available day and night, due to local geology. The heat is used to turn water into steam, which generates electricity in turbines.Geothermal energy has significant advantages over other renewable resources. There is no need to cover some(prenominal) square kilometres of land with wind turbines or solar panels, when certain parts of the world (main areas include Iceland, the USA and south Australia) have the hot rocks that make redeemable heat possible. However, extracting this hea t is not easy. In many locations the heat is too deep to be extracted economically, and the local geology can create problems.

Tradgedy After Winning the Lottery

Annotated Bibliography Topic Tragedy later on Winning the Lottery Emory McClard Nissle, Sonja, and Tom Bschor. Winning The Jackpot And Depression silver Cannot Buy Happiness. International Journal Of Psychiatry In Clinical Practice 6. 3 (2002) 183-186. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In the article, Bschor and Nissle claim that desirable or positive life events might influence the course of a psychiatric illness, just as the negative do.The authors discuss how winning the lottery developed the stamp of two patients, how hitting the jackpot made them consider suicide, and how receiving over one million dollars has only affected their life negatively. Bschor and Nissle go into a discussion involving ideas some how a positive desired event has hidden risks behind the newly won possibilities, which caused the outbreak in these two cases. Both cases recorded marriage problems, family conflicts, and financial difficulties. Suicidal thoughts were present because both patie nts felt a sense of guilt and inferiority.Bschor and Nissle ar organized, knowledgeable, and very clear slightly their key points. Annin, Peter. Big Money, Big Trouble. Newsweek 133. 16 (1999) 59. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In this article, Annin states that big money brings big problems. He discusses multiple negative outcomes from a particular case in 1998 such as friends no longer speaking to the jackpot winner, the new found millionaire being banned from particular areas, and former friends filing for law suits against him.Annin discussed further slightly how the lottery winner has gone into hiding by removing his telephone number from the phone book, buying a shredder for unwanted mail, and doing his from inside his home. Annin is clear about his points, scarce not very descriptive. The author clearly stated his points, yet wasnt as detailed about the winners story. Ellen Tumposky, et al. The High Cost Of Winning. heap 61. 10 (2004) 150-154. Academic S earch Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012.In The High Cost of Winning, Tumposkys claim is how millions of Americans wish to win millions of dollars in a jackpot, but there are plenty of cases of the lottery winners have unfortunate cases. She discusses how this sudden burst of money can lead to ironic bankruptcy, nasty divorces, broken families, and even hiring hit men. 1 case describes how a 36 year old mans lottery money was stolen, forcing him to file for bankruptcy. Another story talked about how her long experimental condition boyfriend took advantage of her. One man was drugged, robbed, and arrested. One man was divorced and eventually committed suicide.Another married man sued his wife for not telling him about the win, she was stripped of her whole winnings. The final tale is of a family issue that resulted in the winners brother hiring a hit man. Tumposkys article is evoke yet also very informational. Her summaries of the events told the story, yet cut out all of the unimportant details. Douglas, Geoffrey. Fortunes Fool. Yankee 62. 12 (1998) 76. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In the article, Douglas tells the reviewer even the luckiest people can lose it all in the blink of an eye.He discusses the points of error in which this lotto winner was a victim. Things like his sexuality, alcoholism, relationships, and risk-taking personality got him into issue after he won 5. 86 million dollars. As a boy, Mike Allen was very different. Even his (so-called) friends would tease him. When he won the lottery he began to give and give and give to everyone who asked. His husband ended up filing for divorce and suing him. His money was flashing before his eyes. He ended up in a $30 motel room, dead. All he was left with was a sweatshirt over his beaten face. They took jewelry, a wallet, a car, and his clothes.Douglass story was entertaining, but he wasnt clear about his thesis and main points. Helyar, John. Cold Cash. Money 28. 4 (1999) 144. Academic Sear ch Premier. Web. 27 Jan. 2012. In this story, Helyars point is that life after the lottery can be miserable. Helyar tells a story of a two people who tried to win the lottery. He discusses further about their past together, the slew events, the sad events, and the miserable times that came after winning the lottery. Helyar is a good author and is very descriptive, yet he is extremely verbose. John did tell the entire story, yet he failed to take out the less important events.

How Women Authors in History Lived Essay

Oppression has never been a word I genereat thought of when I thinking of the treatment of women. I have recently discovered women authors in history that have lived a double life that only women can. In the 1800s when Constance Fenito a greater extent Woolson and Mary E. Wilkings freeman lived, they fought for equality with their words and the delegacy they lived. They were women who were expected to be just pretty but silent, and they have been paving the way for women in the future to speak their minds . Though Woolson and Freeman lead distinct lifestyles, they both(prenominal) represent the female intelligence, strength, and indep demiseence.Woolson was born to a family of five in 1840. A few weeks after her birth, however, her three older siblings died of influenza. Freeman was born in 1852, as the second child to her parents, and she lost her sibling to the same influenza virus a few months after her birth. Like many families in the 1800s, colds and flues were more likely to become deadly than they are today, and both women were effected by it early on in their lives. Spoiled by her parents, and being the only child, Woolson had the prospect to travel with her father on business ventures.Freeman, on the other hand, was raised a puritan girl. She learned to be obedient, godlike, pious, and honest. She was a smart girl and a good student, so they sent her to her to Mount Holyoke Female Seminary where she lasted but a year. In Jury of Her Peers, she is quoted to have said, I was very young. . . and went home at the end of the year a nervous wreck. A student at a university, Lesa Z. Myrick, went further to illustrate that Freeman came home quite confused. She was, however, sure that I ate so much beef in different forms and so many baked apples that I have never wanted much since. Freeman misbehaved ofttimes in the school, attributing it to the boring diet and strenuous goading of conscience (Reuben). Woolson was also given an education at a school in tonic York. She visited Mackinac Island, Cooperstown, and New England when she was not being educated. In her travels, she developed interest in cultural diversity and enjoyed a variety of scenery. Writing came as a natural endowment fund to Woolson, and she was successful with it almost immediately. Many of her earliest make-ups were on the Civil war.It claims in Jury of Her Peers that she wrote to a friend saying, The war was the heart and spirit of my life. Freemans inspirational experience was not nearly as bloody, but equally as tragic. At the age of 24, Freemans 17-year-old sister died, exit her in a traumatized state. It was the death of her sister that set the theme to most all of Freemans ghost stories. Her other inspirations came from the bizarre experience of accompaniment in a house forty yards from an insane asylum, where the inmates were free to walk about the town.This experience would make anyone weary of who was in their company, and caused Freeman to later c laims she did not care to be around people. Woolson began to think about herself as a serious writer a year after the death of her father. She began contributing regularly to bookish magazines and was an immediate success. She was a woman writer who saw her writing as an art form rather than writing out of necessity. It is said that the companionship of her relational connection to the author, James Fenimore Cooper, helped a great deal with this attitude.After her father died, Woolsons mother was recommended by a doctor to move to a warmer area, and Woolson moved wither her mother to Florida. Freeman did not make any money from her writing until a year after her mothers death, when she and her father were evicted from their home. In 1881, she wrote The Beggar King for a childrens magazine and was pay ten dollars for the piece. Freeman was nearly forty when she finally began to be paid she for her work. She continued writing childrens pieces and apparitional stories for magazines well into the 1890s.Woolsons mother died in 1879, and Woolson left Florida to tour Europe. She traveled to London, France, Italy, and Germany. In Italy, she met a man who went by the name Henry James. They formed a friendship that was long lasting and closely knit. They had similar taste in literature and admired each other. For a stretch of time, they shared a house together. Freeman took it a step further than sharing a house with a man. She married Charles Freeman in 1902, which was a match made in heaven, but was doomed to hell.Charles was a severe alcoholic and was so infatuated with Freemans writing that he forced her to write more, making her keep up the pace of her writing along with her daily tasks. Several years later Freeman had, Charles committed to a hospital and they became legally separated. Freeman gave up on writing in her seventies, and she died of heart failure in 1930. Woolson was never married. She continued wondering from place to place, writing about what she would see and experience. She did suffer health conditions, and as the years passed, they continually got worst.It was 1894 when she plummeted to her death from a second story window. approximately people think it was suicide. Some think she fell because of her suffering from influenza. The truth is unknown. It is amazing to me that these two women have nothing in common. They were born twelve years apart, one was religious, the other was a vagabond (hippy), and one was married while the other never did. Their writing styles had nothing in common either while Freeman wrote an array of gothic, ghost, love, and religious tales, Woolson used cultural diversity and places she had visited to create her tales.These women were similar in their morals and virtuous life-styles. It did not matter if they were traveling the world by themselves, or being forced to go beyond expectation, they did what women today still do. They helped lay a foundation of dedication and strength, saying that th ey would do whatever it took to do what they loved. Woolson and Freeman both have been an inspiration to me by letting me know that I can be as flighty as Woolson, or as steadfast as Freeman can.These women have done it before me, so why cant I? ? McEntee, Grace. Constance Fenimore Woolson http//www. lehigh. edu. Appalachian State University, n. d. Web. 5/8/2013 Reuben, Paul P. Chapter 6 Mary Wilkins Freeman. PAL Perspectives in American Literature- A Research and Reference Guide. URLhttp//www. csustan. edu/english/reuben/pal/chap6/freeman. html (5/8/2013). Showalter, Elaine. A Jury of Her Peers American Woman Writers from Anne Bradstreet to Annie Proulx. New York Vintage Books, 2009. Print.

Ethics Paper on Facebook Beacon

Abstract Facebook began in February 2004. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and his collegiate comrades at Harvard University. Rapidly expanding, Facebooks exponential growth led to its social station growing to over one billion users, as of September 2012. One would imagine that with such growth would acquire more opportunities for challenges to arise one of these challenges organism users and their rights to secrecy. As part of Facebooks advertising system, their primary means of generating revenue, beacon light sent data from other companies and websites to Facebook.Following a lawsuit, beacon fire then changed to accommodate these requests. On December 5, 2007, Facebook declared it would allow users to choose not to go in in Beacon in which the owner of Facebook apologized for the dispute. When near a solution to this honorable dilemma, Facebook had a couple alternate(a) decisions they could make. They could leave the Beacon system as it was, they could change the Beacon induce to accommodate requests, or they could delete the suffer all together.Using the various ethical approaches to determine which option was best in find out how to solve their issues one option would prove to the highest degree logical. Under the utilitarian approach, choosing to keep the Beacon lark would not be the best decision to make. Changing the Beacon feature to allow users to choose to accede or opt out of using the feature. In the end, with this option, more would be satisfied, qualification it the best resource under this ethical approach.Facebooks overall reasons for ever-changing the feature spanned farther than reasonable making users happy, it dealt with compliance with the law, so I feel that the positive outcomes from the change will outweigh any potential ostracise outcomes in the future. Ethical Dilemma Facebook began in February 2004. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and his collegiate comrades at Harvard University. Initially, the site was aimed at other Harvard students but was eventually expanded its rank to other colleges surrounding the Boston area.Rapidly expanding, it then opened its membership to high school students, and finally to anyone 13 and over. Facebooks exponential growth led to its membership growing to over one billion users, as of September 2012. One would imagine that with such growth would come more opportunities for challenges to arise one of these challenges being users and their rights to privateness. In an attempt to alleviate fears concerning privacy, Facebook enabled its users to choose from a variety of privacy settings and chose how viewable their profiles are.Although Facebook requires all users to provide a user name and a enactment that can be accessed by anyone, users can regulate what other information they go for shared is viewable, as well as who can find them in searches, through those privacy settings. As part of Facebooks advertising system, their primary means of generating revenue, B eacon sent data from other companies and websites to Facebook, in hopes of permitting certain ads and Facebook users to evanesce their activities with their online friends, some of the activities being circulated through the Facebook users impudentsfeed.The service creates controversy shortly after its launch because of apprehensions concerning privacy and in November of 2007 a convocation, MoveOn. org, generated a group on Facebook and an online petition requiring that Facebook cease to circulate user activity from other websites without clear and obvious permission. Within fewer than ten days, the group obtained 50,000 members. Following a lawsuit, Beacon then changed to accommodate these requests. On December 5, 2007, Facebook declared it would allow users to choose not to participate in Beacon in which the owner of Facebook apologized for the dispute. Carlson, 2010). applicable Information Although Facebook, and other social media sites, are very public in the data users can opt to share, Beacon took a representation a users right to choose what would become public. In doing so, they violated users rights. This caused a dilemma for the Facebook media giant because they generate revenues through advertisements, which keeps its services free for users. They had to fake a way to keep their partners, who used Beacon to promote their businesses, while still maintaining a sensible amount of privacy for its users. McCarthy, 2007) It was this right to choose privacy that enabled Facebook to variousiate itself from other social media giants, such as MySpace, in the first place. How Facebook chose to come to a resolution would affect many of the stakeholders in the company. The primary stakeholders that would be affected by this decision would be the Facebook fraternity, who would want to still generate revenue while still providing this free service for its users, and its users, who wanted to ensure the privacy of their profiles.Other stakeholders would incl ude advertising companies, who would want to reach the capacious amount of Facebook users and increase the visibility of their brand. Other social media sites would be stakeholders, as well, because they could gain the users that Facebook would lose if they did not fix the dilemma, and generate profits as an end result. (Phillips, 2007) Possible resources When approaching a solution to this ethical dilemma, Facebook had a couple alternative decisions they could make.They could leave the Beacon system as it was, they could change the Beacon feature to accommodate requests, or they could delete the feature all together. Leaving the Beacon feature as it was would seduce had negative consequences for the company. They would likely feel mass criticism from its users who felt their privacy was violated. With a plethora of free social media sites available to the public, Facebook would risk losing a vast amount of membership and, thus, lose money. The second option Facebook had was to in all get rid of the Beacon feature.If they chose this option, they would likely have to find a new way to compensate for the revenue that would be lost by doing so. Remember, the main way Facebook was able to keep its services free to users, was to generate revenue through advertisements. In deleting the Beacon feature, Facebook would have to charge on one end through users or advertisers. Either way, it would be a large amount of revenue that would have to be compensated for in the short time it would take to get rid of the Beacon feature.The last choice Facebook had would be to modify the Beacon feature to accommodate the requests of those who felt it violated their privacy. Doing so would be an attempt to balance the needfully of the Facebook fellowship as well as the users who felt they needed a greater sense of privacy when dealing with the Beacon feature. Appropriate Standards If the Facebook Company was to use the various ethical approaches to determine which option was b est in determining how to solve their issue, one option would prove nigh logical. Under the utilitarian approach, choosing to keep the Beacon feature would not be the best decision to make.Under the utilitarian approach, the best course of action would be the one that contributes to the greatest amount of overall happiness. The first option, keeping Beacon how it was, in the end, would only make the Facebook Company and the advertisers happy. Because the sheer volume of consumers greatly outweighs that of the advertisers and solely the Facebook Company, it would not comply with the Utilitarian Approach. The second option, however, would include changing the Beacon feature to allow users to choose to participate or opt out of using the feature.This would allow the partnership between advertisers, Facebook, and its users, without having to take drastic measures. In the end, with this option, more would be satisfied, making it the best choice under this ethical approach. The third opt ion of deleting the Beacon feature would satisfy users who were concerned about their privacy, but it would leave Facebook with the daunting task of finding new ways to generate revenue. Basically, it would leave one side satisfied, and the other with a great burden.Therefore, this option would not be best under this approach. (Anderson, 2004) Implementation of Alternative As stated above, the most ethical course of action would be to modify the Beacon feature to satisfy both the needs of its users and the advertisers that use the feature. This alternative would include creating a method for users to either choose to participate in the program and also provide its users with all pertinent information relating to the Beacon feature so that users could make an informed decision regarding their participation with the program.This second option proved to be the best course of action because despite the fact that the different goals stakeholders have, they all had one common one to keep Facebook running. Facebook would have to produce income to maintain its functionality as a free social media site to its users. Modifying the Beacon feature would enable Facebook to use the Beacon feature, but also enable its users to make an educated decision to permit the feature to monitor their internet activity. This meets the solution for the ethical dilemma and satisfies all sides.In order for Facebook to implement these changes, they would need to quickly act to enlighten all potential stakeholders of the changes to the Beacon feature. Beacon would need to be completely reshaped to enable Facebook users to have an obvious process to choose to participate, or not, in the service. They also would need to create incentives so that users would want to opt into the Beacon feature. The Facebook Company would need to reach out to all advertisers to devise a way to reach the users of Facebook without the initial problem of violating their privacy.Reflection The immediate outcome tha t comes to mind would be the expiation of the users who felt their rights to privacy were violated. This would have a positive impact on the Facebook Companys image. It would show that Facebook is a company that cares about its users and not just one that cares about its bottom line. The option of modifying the Beacon feature would be one that the Facebook Company could be proud of. This choice, following the Utilitarian Approach, maximizes the happiness of the most people involved overall.One potential outcome that is unintended would be the future demands that could come. Because Facebook saw the potential consequences of unhappy users, they quickly devised a way to satisfy the needs of these users. Consequently, the next time they implement a feature that makes its users unhappy, they may have to deal with the demands that might be enforced later. Overall, the Beacon feature was more than a feature that made users unhappy it actually violated one of their fundamental rights thei r right to privacy.Facebooks overall reasons for changing the feature spanned farther than just making users happy, it dealt with compliance with the law, so I feel that the positive outcomes from the change will outweigh any potential negative outcomes in the future. References Facebook. In (2012). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Facebook Facebook beacon. In (2012). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Facebook_Beacon Martin, K. (n. d. ). Facebook (a) Beacon and privacy. Corporate Ethics, Retrieved from http//www. corporate-ethics. org/publications/case-studies/ McCarthy, C. (2007).Facebook announces modifications to beacon advertising program. CNET, Retrieved from http//news. cnet. com/8301-13577_3-9826724-36. html Carlson, N. (2010). The full story of how facebook was founded. Business Insider, Retrieved from http//www. businessinsider. com/how-facebook-was-founded-2010-3 Phillips, S. (2007, July 24). A brief history of facebook. The Gua rdian, Retrieved from http//www. guardian. co. uk/technology/2007/jul/25/media. newmedia Anderson, K. (2004). Probe ministries. Retrieved from http//www. probe. org/site/c. fdKEIMNsEoG/b. 4224805/k. B792/Utilitarianism_The_Greatest_Good_for_the_Greatest_Number. htm

It Is Good for Children to Learn by Heart

It is good for children to learn by heart Children today learn in many different ways, it depends on who they eat as teacher. Today most of the teachers at school agree with that it is good for children to learn by heart. temporary hookup other, disagrees. Why is it good for children to learn by heart, why not? First of all Id like to mention that each one of us isnt the same. We all like to learn in different ways. Some like to learn by heart. Some need an explanation of everyaffair they learn. Learning by heart is such a good idea. It leads to good grades. It also makes a person smarter.When we for example learn the dates of important events that had been, by heart, we have control of how the solid grounds history has been through time. If mostone ever mentions 1945, we will think back of every event that had been in this year. It is also great to know each states of the States by heart. Also name each country in the world. We then know where the state New York lays if someone mentions it. on that point are several things in life we just have to learn by heart. Like formulas in maths, they may not make sense, but youve got to learn it to solve a math problem.This is an advantage for why child should to that. However, every good thing has also a bad side. Learning by heart isnt the best thing we can tell a child to do. You may memorize everything you hear or read, by heart, but do you really understand everything of it? Not for sure. There may be difficult words that we read. We find out what the definitions of those words are. But still, dont understand it. We just learn it by heart. And when we have a test on school where we are supposed to explain one word, we just write the definition of what we have learned by heart.After some days, weeks or even months we may have forget what we have learned. Therefore it is good to understand what you know, so you can use it in hard-nosed situation, or explain it with your own words to somebody else. There are ma ny other ways to learn. Since we all learn in different ways. We should swing time to figure out how and when we do learn best. Then again, you have to understand what you learn Some ways to learn Make pictures in your foreland when you read, for example. Search for an easy explanation on internet. Or ask somebody to help you.Teachers at school can teach in a laughable way. At school we can use what we learn in practical situations. Its important to repeat what youve just learned, and think of it. I personally think that learning by heart is in a way pointless. I do learn in that way. Only when I have to learn meaningless things Otherwise, I believe that everything has an explanation. Im used to make an illustration of almost everything I hear. I make combinations of things I learn and then fantasy it to myself. This makes me understand the new things I learn through a day.

Polysar Limited Essay

Executive SummaryThis report seeks to explain the key differences between the NASA (North Ameri layabout South American) and EROW (Europe and rest of world) sales performance everyplace the past nine months. There are several reasons causing the sales performance figures currently stemming from NASA to be incomparable with the EROW numbers, including the current practice of transferring full-grown quantities of invariable butyl rubber from the Sarnia to the Antwerp production facilities.As Polysar ope scores globally, it is also important to consider certain international aspects and detail risks. These include, foreign bills exchange fluctuations, potentially creating gains or losses, as well as international taxes and tariffs. The decisions made regarding allocation of bring ins between the two geographic centers leave alone swayly impact the taxes paid in any location. ADD ON WITH SPECIFICS IntroductionA high-level overview of Polysar Limited provides an all-encompassing image of the nature of this case, necessary to later effectively focus in on specific financial details and problems. Polysar is Canadas largest chemical company, with the North American production facility located in Sarnia Ontario. The company splits into 3 main groups including petrochemicals, modify products, and rubber, of which the latter is the largest representing 46% of sales.This rubber division is the core of the report, as its success is vital to Polysar. The rubber division is split into two geographic centers, in Sarnia Ontario and Antwerp Belgium respectively. (See cecal appendage 1 for graphical representation). Both geographic centers produce both regular butyl and halobutyl rubbers. In 1985, Sarnia opened a second production facility that has not nevertheless reached capacity. By comparison, Antwerp has only one facility operating at full capacity and still unable to meet demand for regular butyl rubber. To cope with this, the Sarnia transfers large quantities of its production to Antwerp at cost.The inability of the Sarnia facility to earn a profit from these transferred units represents one of the main ca characters of concern regarding sales performance figures. In order to right on and efficiently asses the current situation, we testament be reviewing a number of criteria, and from there introduce and analyze several alternatives presented by these assessments. Further RecommendationsTransfer PricingAs you are aware, the NASA segment is currently charging EROW for the butyl rubber being transferred in order to meet the European demand. This charge is currently calculated on the basis of NASAs cost. This is only one of three possible approaches that are used to set to transfer equipment casualtys internally within Polysar Limited. The three options that may be considered are1. punctuate transfer prices at cost2. Set transfer prices at a negotiated mutually agreed upon level 3. Set transfer prices at the market fosterCurrently, as th e first option is implemented, this is causing the two major problems. The first is in regards to the product mix produced within the Sarnia production facilities. As no profit is recorded for the units that are transferred, the product mix may be decided on a sub-optimal basis.Our team recommends further investigation to determine the necessary instruction as to if the costs to produce the halobutyl and butyl rubbers within both NASA and EROW. This could lead to decisions of specialization in the Sarnia plants or Antwerp plant for one type of rubber produced if cost nest egg for that product line is higher than transportation costs of shipping to the other facility.Additionally, another problem being experienced through the current transfer determine approach is that the NASA does not show any profit on the Polysar internal transfer of rubber. Consequently, the EROW segment may record this profit without the same having the additional mulish costs pertaining to the costly initi al investment of the second Sarnia plant amounting $550 million and the associated depreciation. This leads to an unfair representation of profitability for the two cost centers.In terms of which to use for Polysar Limiteds Rubber Segment, setting prices at cost hereby benefits the EROW center, whereas using market price would benefit the NASA segment. This is because then NASA is recording revenue for the units transferred, whereas EROW allow for not, (provided that the prices in both markets are similar international arbitrage).With Polysars company wide profitability in mind, as well as spirit of integrity in representation for both segments using a de-centralized approach, our recommendation is the use of negotiated transfer pricing. This occurs when the NASA and EROW segments collaborate to agree on a selling/purchasing price for the internationally transferred butyl supply. Implementing this will cause both segments to have better information of the costs and benefits assoc iated with the transfer.To narrow down on what this transfer price should specifically be, a range of acceptable transfer prices will provide an estimate.As this is an international transfer, there are even more considerations that become relevant. For example, the incarnate tax rate applied in North American versus Europe should be considered. Furthermore, management should look specifically into duties, tariffs, foreign exchange rates and risks, as well as governmental relationships. By this token, charging Antwerp a lower transfer price will result in fewer Custom Duty payments as the rubber crosses borders. plastic Versus Static Budgetary SystemsCurrently Polysar employs a static budget organisation for their budgeted level of rubber sales. However, if more butyl or halobutyl rubber is produced and then sold these will cause a variance as composed to budgeted figures. Forexample, variable costs will go up, however this may simply be in direct correlation to the increased rubb er produced.It is important to be able to analyze if variances are based on volume or cost differences. By examine the cost variances more closely after implementing this flexible budget system, a better evaluation of managements performance may be achieved. This can be directly used when considering compensation for private instructors. INSERT NUMBERS. Employee Compensation PlanPolysar uses the participative budgetary system, which is directly linked to employee compensation. Although this bottom-up approach to budgeting allows for accurate estimates due to managers with specific rubber cost knowledge being involved, it can cause a conflict of interest that may be costly. It is essential, and highly recommended that the NASA rubber division be a budgetary committee to review the estimates made to ensure the lower level management has not added in budgetary slack intentionally in an effort to achieve their compensation figures based on meeting these targets.However, even the top management currently possesses a huge conflict of interest influencing them in the direction of allowing for budgetary slack as their compensation is up to 50% for both meeting divisional profits, as well as exceeding corporate profit targets. These targets can clearly be met, if costs have been artificially manipulated to be higher than expected.As it is improbable to find members of the budgetary committee who will be completed impartial and not subject to a bonus on the premise of meeting profit targets, responsible accounting should be implemented. This system holds each manager responsible for the estimate of the individual cost and revenue basis for which he or she was in charge of deciding. This means, he or she is fundamentally responsible to explain the differences between the actual and budgeted results.In order to negate the previously mentioned conflict of interest, it is recommended to include the amount of variance in a managers estimate in the calculate of compensatio n, hereby eliminated large bonuses if the original estimate was not within a certain range of the actual rate (extra-ordinary occurrences excluded). Hedging of RiskThe nature of the Polysars business contains a certain academic degree ofspecialized risk. First and foremost, operating internationally in various currency zones contributes to foreign exchange risk. This can be hedged through capital markets, resulting in lowering risk for the corporation.Also, as there is a great degree of risk for the variable costs of production in relation to the oil, it is imperative to hedge this risk as well. It is very possible to hedge market trade good price risks through capital markets or advance purchase of these oil inputs. This can provide more stability for Polysar Limited as a whole, oddly the key rubber division.Capacity AnalysisAppendicesAppendix 1Polysar Rubber

Well Schooled in Murder

Describe the traditions of Bredgar Chambers as outlined in the initiate text Well-schooled in Murder. Bredgar Chambers is a school where discipline is on high priority. It is a boarding school where the students live. They book something akin a dress code they have to be dressed kindred rich people as the text says they were nice-looking boys, nearly dressed in grey trousers, crisp white shirts, and a yellow pullovers and yellow unornamented ties. That means that all students have to wear the same change state, so they look no different from all(prenominal) other. The boys at Bredgar Chambers have their own traditions.They often go out into the woods to hunt for dissimulation mushrooms. They just pick them up, and never eat them. They withal go to the bell tower, which is supposed to be locked, and carve their names on the wall inside. Some of the boys also have a smoke there. These be some of the traditions that the boys at Bredgar Chambers have together. How do we kno w that the text is a crime invoice? The text is a crime story because there is a mystery, a murder and a choke up. The mystery is where Matthew went. No one knows where he was going and that was a huge mystery. There is also a murder.The story tells that Matthew is maybe dead, but no one knows it. The investigation in the story is where Lynley investigate the wanting of Matthew. What do you think has happened to Matthew Whateley? Matthew Whateley was not happy to stay at Bredgar Chambers, and his parents were not listening to him, they just state to himYou have to stay at this school if you want an education. This was not Matthew? s plan he did not want to stay at the boarding school no much, so he decided to escape. later on his escape from the boarding school, he went into the woods and hid.He wanted to send a signal to his parents, that he was seriously about not staying at the boarding school any longer. His plan was to stay in the woods a few twenty-four hourss until the teachers, his parents or the police would find him. After the first day it seemed that no one was looking for him. Matthew was upset he was thinking that maybe no one could like him anymore. Why were his parents not looking for him? He was frustrated, but also stubborn. He would not give up. He wanted to send a signal to them in order to make them understand that he didn? t like the school.But that night it was very cold, and Matthew did not have anything to keep him warm. He tried to sleep, but it was so cold. He would not go back. He decided to stay. After some time he fell asleep. The next day the police found him laying under a tree frozen to death. Matthew? s parents were very upset and they should have listened to their son. They were not aware of the situation. He hated the school and the federal agency things were there. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of getting ones education at a public boarding school. acquiring an education at a public boarding school has bo th advantages and disadvantages.The advantages are that the students live together and they can always help each other. A boarder school is almost the same as perpetuation school. You live with your teachers and you are getting to know them better than if you fx. went to a normal state school. You do not just get to know the teachers for teaching you, but you also get to know them outdoor(a) the classrooms and you often become friends with them. An education at a boarding school is also good for umteen people because they often become more mature and grown-up during the stay.The disadvantages are that umteen students have trouble be around many people all the time. You can also have a problem with relaxing while studying, because there are almost always people around you. If you get problems while being at a boarding school you do not have your parents around you to talk with, whole friends and teachers, and it is not the same as if you were talking with your parents. I myse lf like the idea of a boarding school where you are not so dependent on your parents, but more on your own, but windlessness have a lot of friends around you almost all the time.Discuss why Denmark doesnt have the same number of public boarding schools as Great Britain. What are the pros and cons? The reason why we do not have the same number of public boarding schools in Denmark is because in Denmark we have many continuation schools. A continuation school is almost the same as a boarding school. If you go to a boarding school you have a lot of rules, you have to wear special clothes so all students are exactly alike. When I think of a boarding school I think it is a school where all the boys are dressed with suits and the girls with skirts, and they call their teachers sir and madam.At a continuation school there are also many rules, but not as many and as strict as at a Boarding school. That fits more to the Danish way of living. A exact more freedom and participation in decisi on-making, thats what most Danish people like, but also rules to follow. At a continuation school you have a room with your roommates and you go to school like you normally do, and when your school day is finished, you can almost do whatever you like to do. You are more free to do what you want to do.

Dancing with the White Rabbit

Carly Turner English 102 Polliard May 5th, 2011 Dancing With The White Rabbit People go chthonic sedation all the time. They jump into the rabbit hole to receive colonoscopies, plastic surgery, dental work and some other various health check procedures. Todays world has become accustomed to regular use of sedation drugs however they do non realize just how dangerous they stub be. There atomic number 18 galore(postnominal) factors to be taken into account when someone is put under. Proprofol (Diprivan), a drug that is used to induce sedation, which is the courtship of many a(prenominal) another(prenominal) medical malpractices and deaths, is non supervised enough in the medical community.Propofol is one of the most astray used forms of anesthesia (Nytimes. com). It was invented 20 to 25 years ago (News Week). It has multiple benefits over cosmopolitan anesthesia. strange general anesthesia, propofol has rapid onsets. If you try to count backward from 100 after its inje cted, you dont get to 97, avers Dr. Wischmeyer, a University of carbon monoxide gas Anesthesiologist (Wall roadway Journal). It also al paltrys patients to recover and return to baseline activities such as eating and respiration on their own faster. In addition, it set up result in less nausea and vomiting in patients (Ismp. rg). Because of this many practioners retrieve a false sense of security when using propofol. It can be denigratory and even deadly if the person who is administering it is non trained in drugs that cause deep sedation and general anesthesia. On the labeling of Diprivan (Propofol), it is intended for general anesthesia or monitored anesthesia help sedation, meaning that that drug should only be administered by people trained in general anesthesia and not mixed in the procedure being done. Propofol is an exact science. Dosing needs to be based on the patients tolerance to the drug.A number of factors including the age, weight, and how hydrated the person is factors into the efficiency of the drug (News Week). The tolerance can vary and can change easily. Also, for a patient who uses it the first time, itll be much more potent but for a patient who uses it often it stays in the tissues and creates a tolerance to the drug (Inside operating theater). The possible side effects, are changes in moods and emotions, dizziness, drowsiness, and a lack of coordination (Drugs. com). The harsher effect is that a patient can go from breathing commonly to being in respiratory arrest in seconds, even at what seems like a low dose.There are also no reversal agents to propofol, which means that the drugs adverse effects involve to be treated while the drug is being metabolized in the body (Inside Surgery). Considering all of these variables this makes workings with propofol knotty and somewhat unpredictable, even for a trained professional. If a patient isnt monitored closely enough by a person trained in sedation while on propofol then they ca n cursorily go into respiratory arrest and thus get brain damage or die from not enough oxygen to the organs and brain (Ismp. rg). During a procedure, a nurse who was trained in hold back sedation, assisted a gastroenterologist in surgery by giving the patient propofol. The nurse gave too naughty of a dosage of propofol to the patient and the patient started experiencing respiratory arrest. In another baptistery, a physician prospect it would be safe to administer propofol himself while performing a breast augmentation surgery. According to a poll, 83 portion of people thought it was wrong for a surgeon to administer the propofol himself ( persuasion. com).The young patient died from not getting enough oxygen to the brain because there was no one there to supervise her. Nurses thrust been asked to give a little more of the propofol if a patient moved. Anesthesiologists bemuse been known to leave the populate and leave the syringe filled with propofol and a needle in the IV port so that the nurses can monitor the patient alone themselves. This has been brought to the attention of some infirmarys leaders however no laws have been enacted about this. Additionally, money is an issue when deciding the safety of the patient.There is sometimes an unwillingness of insurers to reimburse anesthesiologists for their look at and thus nurse-administered propofol happens quite often and untrained nurses may be caught in the middle of such a debate and feel pressures to administer the propofol themselves. States in the U. S. all have different views on propofol and whether or not it needs to be administered by a trained anesthesiologist or if a nurse should be allowed to do it (Kathy Dix). On an online survey seventy-eight percent of people believe that a trained anesthesiologist should be in control of the propofol and not a nurse (Survey. om). It usually comes down to that health care facilities board and is not decided by the state. In a recent survey, it state d that ninety-six percent of the people thought that every hospital and healthcare facility should have set rules on the case (Survey. com). In addition, American Society of Anesthesiologists, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, and American A ssociation for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities believe that the only persons trained in administering general anesthesia should administer propofol to non-ventilated patients.The American Society of Anesthesiologists suggests that if that is not possible then non-anesthesia staff who do administer the drug should be qualified to rescue the patients if their direct of sedations becomes deeper than intended (Ismp. org). Along with the issue of propofol not being safely administered, it is also abused in the medical community itself. This can be done easily because it is not listed as a controlled substance by the Food and Drug Administration.The drug is likely to be liked by abusers because it induces relaxation or quie tude and can cause euphoria and also leaves the bloodstream so fast that it is difficult to detect (Nytimes). Anesthetists and abusers of propofol say that it can bring a brief but captivating high as the sedation wears off. It has been referred to as dancing with the white rabbit (referring to the white color of the drug) and pronapping because the drug induces a short sleep that many practioners and medical personnel use between their long shifts (Wall Street Journal). Many practioners do not feel that propofol should be a more controlled substance.However, according to a poll, eighty-seven percent of people think that propofol should be listed as a controlled substance (Survey. com). Naming propofol a controlled substance under the Drug Enforcement Agencys rules would require the hospitals to track their inventory, account for all the propofol vials, list all of its users, and lock it up with the hospitals narcotics. If these actions were taken doctors and nurses seeking rehabili tation for their abuse of propofol might cost them their licenses and lead to them having criminal charges because they would have been abusing a Drug Enforcement Agency controlled drug.Michael capital of Mississippis young death is the most well-known case of propofol abuse and has rekindled the propofol controversy the last two years. Detectives lay down large quantities of propofol and oxygen tanks in his home. Along with this they found that he had a personal physician that allegedly admitted to administering the drug to Jackson the day the singer died. Jackson reportedly had insomnia and was seeking aid from the drug. It seemed that his dance with the white rabbit caused his death, and may be the cause of many others if not taken into control. It enters your bloodstream fast, and even highly trained anesthesiologists cant control it, and die. They dont even have seconds to draw up out the needle, said Art Zwerling, a registered nurse anesthetist and counselor with the Associa tion of Nurse Anesthetists (Wall Street Journal). When the drug is being used properly there should be strict procedures enforced regarding the supervision of live signs and oxygen saturation to assure that the patient is safe. Health care facilities should inform all the staff working around propofol how dangerous it is.Todays standards on the administration of Diprivan (Propofol) are too lenient and need to be reformed. In conclusion, the distribution and handling of this drug needs to be strictly supervised. Works Cited What the Heck is Proprofol? more than Info On the Drug That May Have Killed Michael Jackson News Week. Web. 29 Jul. 2009. <http//www. newsweek. com/blogs/the-human-condition/2009/07/29/what-the-heck-is-propofol-more-info-on-the-drug-that-may-have-killed-michael-jackson. hypertext mark-up language> How to use Diprivan Drugs. com. Web. 18 Mar. 2011. <http//www. drugs. om/diprivan. html > Propofol (Drug) Web. 7 Aug. 2009. <http//topics. nytimes. com/topi cs/news/health/diseasesconditionsandhealthtopics/propofol/index. html> Michael Jacksons finis From Propofol Inside Surgery. Web. 24 Aug. 2009. <http//insidesurgery. com/tag/diprivan/> Practical Guide to Moderate Sedation/Analgesia Odom-forren. Donna Watson. 2005. Mosby Inc. Propofol (A Drug Used For Sedation) Carly Turner. Survey ages 18-50, 23 surveyors. Web. 4 May. 2011. Survey. com <http//www. survey. com/cgi-bin/pollxt. pl? poll=PM2U1AR9U9G8>